Moji Motions

Innovation policies are government measures designed to encourage new ideas, technologies, and business models, including but not limited to funding for research, grants, regulation changes, public procurement, tax breaks, and support for startups or universities. Large-scale public research programs are big and long-term projects funded and often coordinated by the state, universities, or public agencies. They usually focus on mission-driven goals like clean energy, vaccines, space, infrastructure, or AI safety. Tax incentives are tax reductions or exemptions meant to encourage investment in new businesses. Venture capital (VC) is money invested in early-stage companies that are high-risk but may grow very quickly, VC firms usually provide funding in exchange for equity, meaning they own part of the company.

The North American model develops young athletes primarily through school and university sports programs. Athletes compete in interscholastic leagues and, at the tertiary level, through the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association), which offers athletic scholarships. Young athletes are typically drafted after graduation and sign professional contracts with teams. The European model develops athletes primarily through sports clubs where players are recruited young, trained by professional volunteers, and may be promoted based on sporting merit, which may result in signing professional contracts in their teens. Young players are typically amateurs and from the grassroots, and training is largely separate from formal education.

Superpowers include the United States, China, and EU for example. Middle powers include countries such as Brazil, India, Turkey, and Gulf States.

A pawnshop (tiệm cầm đồ in Vietnamese) is a business where individuals can obtain loans by leaving valuable items as collateral (valuable property owned by someone who wants to borrow money) If the borrower repays the loan and the associated interest, they can retrieve their valuable item. However, if the borrower fails to repay within the agreed-upon time, the pawnbroker may sell the item to recover the loan amount.

Urban-to-rural migration is the process of moving out of a big city to a less developed or modernized region in the country.

A "diaspora" refers to individuals of one particular ethnic group who have migrated out of their homeland (for example, Vietnamese people in Singapore, Australia, etc. are referred to as the "Vietnamese diaspora").

You have been an active debater for nearly two years. Debating has taken up a substantial amount of time in your life due to its commitments for training and tournaments, leading you to have had less time for other hobbies (such as non-competitive activities, non-debate relationships, and leisure time). As of now, you are a decent debater in your local circuit with some achievements, but you have not won or performed exceptionally well at a tournament.

ChatGPT is an AI chatbot with advanced natural language processing (NLP) that allows you to have human-like conversations to complete various tasks. The generative AI tool can answer questions and assist you with composing text, code, and much more. It's currently open to use for free.

Nationalism is the idea that a person's nation is superior to all others. It is the emergence of a group identity based upon a shared sense of history, cultural, ethnic, or linguistic ties. The difference between nationalism and patriotism is the feeling of superiority; in the eyes of nationalists, loyalty to and pursuing the interests of the nation are more important than anything else. States often curate nationalism by incorporating nationalist ideas in school curriculums, national symbols, monuments, etc.

For the purposes of the debate, 'radical environmentalism' refers to the use of aggression or disruption (e.g. vandalism, sabotage, civil disobedience) in the name of environmentalist campaigns. An example of 'radical environmentalism' was when members of the Just Stop Oil campaign vandalized Vincent van Gogh's "Sunflowers" in the National Gallery and subsequently glued their hands to the wall in 2022.