Moji Motions

Currently, professional tennis governance is fragmented among multiple bodies, including the ATP, WTA, ITF, and the four Grand Slam tournaments managed by four different countries. These organizations separately manage rankings, scheduling, rules, revenue distribution, and disciplinary matters. Under this motion, a “central organizing body” refers to a single institution with overarching authority over the professional tennis calendar, rankings, commercial rights, regulations, and dispute resolution across the sport.

Existentialism is the idea that people are not born with a fixed purpose or identity and rather create meaning through their choices and actions. On the other hand, essentialism refers to the idea that there is an “essence” to our being, suggesting that an unchangeable aspect of ourselves precedes our birth and plays a role in determining our future identities.

The North American model develops young athletes primarily through school and university sports programs. Athletes compete in interscholastic leagues and, at the tertiary level, through the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association), which offers athletic scholarships. Young athletes are typically drafted after graduation and sign professional contracts with teams. The European model develops athletes primarily through sports clubs where players are recruited young, trained by professional volunteers, and may be promoted based on sporting merit, which may result in signing professional contracts in their teens. Young players are typically amateurs and from the grassroots, and training is largely separate from formal education.

The Oracle of Purpose is an ancient and trusted mechanism that assigns individuals their life roles based on an early identification of their talents. They are expected to train for and fulfill their assigned role throughout their lives (e.g., diplomat, scientist, caretaker, warrior, etc.) at the expense of pursuing other talents. Those who defy the Oracle often face exclusion or punishment.

4B is a movement growing among Korean women in response to the relentless sexism, inequality and misogyn in South Korea. 4B is short for saying no to: 1. Dating men 2. Heterosexual relationships 3. Heterosexual marriage 4. Childbirth"

Academic standards generally refers to scholastic performance (e.g., exam results, coursework grades), whereas non-academic standards refers to achievements beyond the scope of scholastic performance (e.g., clubs and societies, participation in sports, involvement in volunteering).

The host of the Olympics is elected by the members of the International Olympic Commission (IOC) through a secret ballot from the countries that submit their bids. Different countries bid for different Olympics. For example, Paris was elected as the host city for the 2024 Summer Olympics last 2017 while Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy was selected to host the 2026 Winter Olympics last 2019.

(1) Epicureanism argued that pleasure was the chief good in life. Hence, Epicurus advocated living in such a way as to derive the greatest amount of pleasure possible during one’s lifetime, yet doing so moderately in order to avoid the suffering incurred by overindulgence in such pleasure. Emphasis was placed on pleasures of the mind rather than on physical pleasures. Unnecessary and, especially, artificially produced desires were to be suppressed. Since the political life could give rise to desires that could disturb virtue and one’s peace of mind, such as a lust for power or a desire for fame, participation in politics was discouraged. Further, Epicurus sought to eliminate the fear of the gods and of death, seeing those two fears as chief causes of strife in life. Epicurus actively recommended against passionate love, and believed it best to avoid marriage altogether. He viewed recreational sex as a natural, but not necessary desire that should be generally avoided. (2) Epicurus laid great emphasis on developing friendships as the basis of a satisfying life. While the pursuit of pleasure formed the focal point of the philosophy, this was largely directed to the “static pleasures” of minimizing pain, anxiety and suffering. ""When we say . . . that pleasure is the end and aim, we do not mean the pleasures of the prodigal or the pleasures of sensuality, as we are understood to do by some through ignorance, prejudice or wilful misrepresentation. By pleasure we mean the absence of pain in the body and of trouble in the soul. It is not by an unbroken succession of drinking bouts and of revelry, not by sexual lust, nor the enjoyment of fish and other delicacies of a luxurious table, which produce a pleasant life; it is sober reasoning, searching out the grounds of every choice and avoidance, and banishing those beliefs through which the greatest tumults take possession of the soul."""