Moji Motions

The Korean Pop industry model (K-Pop) includes but is not limited to: trainees being recruited through competitive auditions and formed into boys/girls groups after strict and tedious training processes; a heavy emphasis on visual and appearance; an extensive market of goods; extensive fan service events and an emphasis on the idol(s) winning weekend music shows or weekly chart countdowns like Inkigayo and M Countdown. The Western Pop industry model shares certain similarities with K-pop such as a mix of different genres, a mix of groups/bands and independent artists, the competitive race in physical albums sales and digital streaming, etc., However, it has a lower Barrier of Entry to new artists, more focus on big awards like Grammy instead of various small music shows and less dependence on fan service events.

4B is a movement growing among Korean women in response to the relentless sexism, inequality and misogyn in South Korea. 4B is short for saying no to: 1. Dating men 2. Heterosexual relationships 3. Heterosexual marriage 4. Childbirth"

Superpowers include the United States, China, and EU for example. Middle powers include countries such as Brazil, India, Turkey, and Gulf States.

A "diaspora" refers to individuals of one particular ethnic group who have migrated out of their homeland (for example, Vietnamese people in Singapore, Australia, etc. are referred to as the "Vietnamese diaspora").

Free-to-play (F2P or FtP) video games are games that give players access to a sizeable portion or to the start of their gaming content without paying. However, players have to make in-game financial transactions to access competitive advantages (like power-ups, money, etc.), cosmetic changes (e.g.: a different type of character/look), or in some cases, to continue playing higher levels. This is distinct from games which require payment before using the game or service. It is also separate games which are entirely costless. Free-to-play games include, but are not limited to Fortnite, World of Tanks, Valorant, and League of Legends.

"Emotionally descriptive literature is literature that aims to accurately represent people’s feelings, thoughts, and opinions, even those which are harmful or problematic. Examples of such literature include Taylor Swift’s ""Better than Revenge"", Carrie Underwood’s """"Before he Cheats”, and Sally Rooney’s Conversation with Friends. Emotionally prescriptive literature depicts idealized versions of emotions, where feeling are portrayed as correct or incorrect. Examples include Taylor Swift’s “You Need to Calm Down”, and Jane Austin’s Pride and Prejudice."

Nationalism is the idea that a person's nation is superior to all others. It is the emergence of a group identity based upon a shared sense of history, cultural, ethnic, or linguistic ties. The difference between nationalism and patriotism is the feeling of superiority; in the eyes of nationalists, loyalty to and pursuing the interests of the nation are more important than anything else. States often curate nationalism by incorporating nationalist ideas in school curriculums, national symbols, monuments, etc.

In China, to 'lie flat' ('tang ping' 躺平) is to make the active choice to reject existing societal pressures to work hard, instead choosing to 'lie flat' and express a low-desire, more indifferent attitude towards life. This is gaining traction amongst Chinese youth, and is seen by some as the beginnings of a social protest movement.

(1) Phan Thanh Giản was one of the foremost mandarins of the Nguyễn court. He played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Saigon with the French in 1862. The treaty had 12 clauses, the most important being : Art. 2- Đại Nam (the country’s name then) allows French and Spanish missionaries to preach and the Vietnamese to practice the Christian faith freely. Art. 3- Đại Nam cedes to France the three eastern provinces of Biên Hòa, Gia Định and Định Tường and the island of Poulo Condor (Côn Đảo). Art. 8- Đại Nam agrees to pay France 4 million dollars worth of silver over 10 years as war reparation. Art. 11- France will return Vĩnh Long Province to Đại Nam once the three eastern provinces have been pacified. (2) Phan Thanh Giản was later recalled to Huế to get instructions to conduct an extraordinary embassy to Paris and negotiate the return of the eastern provinces. In Paris, after intense discussions, French Minister of the Navy and the Colonies Prosper de Chasseloup-Laubat opposed the return of Cochinchina to Vietnam, and with the threat of resignation of the whole cabinet, forced Napoleon III to order the cancellation of the proposed agreement in June 1864. Thus the Saigon Treaty of 1862 remained in full effect. Because of his main role in the negotiations, Phan Thanh Giản was blamed by the Vietnamese people and the Huế Court.

e.g. if you are ethnically Vietnamese, you should identify strongly with Vietnamese culture.

The landlocked and mountainous Laos aims to become the "Battery of Southeast Asia" to boost its economy and escape its prolonged poverty by exporting hydropower electricity harnessed through its dams on the Mekong River system to its richer neighbours. The development plan was financed through loan grants from China and currently has 16 hydropower stations, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, as downstream (Lower Mekong) countries, are protesting against dams built in China and Laos (Upper Mekong) for contributing to the prolonged drought conditions in the entire Indochina region.