Moji Motions

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For the purpose of this debate "educational upbringing" includes but is not limited to; choice of school, extra curricular activities, choice of programs, and field of study.

The concept of ‘banality of evil’ claims that most perpetrators of great acts of evil are ordinary people, with no motive other than promoting their own advancement in society. Under this concept, perpetrators do not have to be "radically evil" and can be responsible for atrocities through their common acts or omissions.

Nationalism is the idea that a person's nation is superior to all others. It is the emergence of a group identity based upon a shared sense of history, cultural, ethnic, or linguistic ties. The difference between nationalism and patriotism is the feeling of superiority; in the eyes of nationalists, loyalty to and pursuing the interests of the nation are more important than anything else. States often curate nationalism by incorporating nationalist ideas in school curriculums, national symbols, monuments, etc.

For the purposes of the debate, 'radical environmentalism' refers to the use of aggression or disruption (e.g. vandalism, sabotage, civil disobedience) in the name of environmentalist campaigns. An example of 'radical environmentalism' was when members of the Just Stop Oil campaign vandalized Vincent van Gogh's "Sunflowers" in the National Gallery and subsequently glued their hands to the wall in 2022.

In percentile-based scoring system, students get score based on their percentile: A certain percentage get HD, another get DI/CR and another get PA/NN. For example: 90% percentile get HD, 70% percentile get DI, 50% get CR, 30% get PA and the others get NN. However, in performance-based scoring system, students get score based on their performance. For example: Score 90/100 means A, 80/100 means B, etc, ...

(1) Epicureanism argued that pleasure was the chief good in life. Hence, Epicurus advocated living in such a way as to derive the greatest amount of pleasure possible during one’s lifetime, yet doing so moderately in order to avoid the suffering incurred by overindulgence in such pleasure. Emphasis was placed on pleasures of the mind rather than on physical pleasures. Unnecessary and, especially, artificially produced desires were to be suppressed. Since the political life could give rise to desires that could disturb virtue and one’s peace of mind, such as a lust for power or a desire for fame, participation in politics was discouraged. Further, Epicurus sought to eliminate the fear of the gods and of death, seeing those two fears as chief causes of strife in life. Epicurus actively recommended against passionate love, and believed it best to avoid marriage altogether. He viewed recreational sex as a natural, but not necessary desire that should be generally avoided. (2) Epicurus laid great emphasis on developing friendships as the basis of a satisfying life. While the pursuit of pleasure formed the focal point of the philosophy, this was largely directed to the “static pleasures” of minimizing pain, anxiety and suffering. ""When we say . . . that pleasure is the end and aim, we do not mean the pleasures of the prodigal or the pleasures of sensuality, as we are understood to do by some through ignorance, prejudice or wilful misrepresentation. By pleasure we mean the absence of pain in the body and of trouble in the soul. It is not by an unbroken succession of drinking bouts and of revelry, not by sexual lust, nor the enjoyment of fish and other delicacies of a luxurious table, which produce a pleasant life; it is sober reasoning, searching out the grounds of every choice and avoidance, and banishing those beliefs through which the greatest tumults take possession of the soul."""

The successful tuition fee model refers to a system where students only pay their tuition fees for university if they achieve the expected outcome of the course they undertake. The expected outcome will be determined by the average pay of recent graduates, or by the average ranking of the universities graduates attend for postgraduate education. E.g. if the average pay of a graduate is VND 10,000,000; and a graduate earns VND 8,000,000, the graduate is not required to pay their tuition fees.

The 'philosophy of water' comprises "H+H+O = H2O", which in detail means "Humility: water stays low in the river, yet it is a life-giving force; Harmony: water does not fight against its surroundings, it works with them to find a course; and Openness: water is open to change: gas, liquid, solid. It adapts and alters its form accordingly. The 'philosophy of fire' comprises opposite elements: Fierce, Insistent, Relentless, Exhaustive. It teaches one to develop a more rigid and firm sense of self that charges forward no matter what and burns all obstacles.