Moji Motions

Nationalism is the idea that a person's nation is superior to all others. It is the emergence of a group identity based upon a shared sense of history, cultural, ethnic, or linguistic ties. The difference between nationalism and patriotism is the feeling of superiority; in the eyes of nationalists, loyalty to and pursuing the interests of the nation are more important than anything else. States often curate nationalism by incorporating nationalist ideas in school curriculums, national symbols, monuments, etc.

For the purposes of the debate, 'radical environmentalism' refers to the use of aggression or disruption (e.g. vandalism, sabotage, civil disobedience) in the name of environmentalist campaigns. An example of 'radical environmentalism' was when members of the Just Stop Oil campaign vandalized Vincent van Gogh's "Sunflowers" in the National Gallery and subsequently glued their hands to the wall in 2022.

Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all human beings are members of a single community. Its adherents are known as cosmopolitans or cosmopolites. Cosmopolitanism is both prescriptive and aspirational, believing humans can and should be "world citizens" in a "universal community".The idea encompasses different dimensions and avenues of community, such as promoting universal moral standards, establishing global political structures, or developing a platform for mutual cultural expression and tolerance.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced AI systems designed to process and generate human-like text. LLMs create coherent and contextually relevant text for various purposes like writing, translation, and content curation. LLMs have rapidly evolved, enabling sophisticated natural language processing tasks. Examples of LLMs include ChatGPT, Bard, etc.

Social Media Influencers are people who have built a reputation for their knowledge and expertise on a specific topic. They make regular posts about that topic on their preferred social media channels and generate large followings of enthusiastic, engaged people who pay close attention to their views.

In China, to 'lie flat' ('tang ping' 躺平) is to make the active choice to reject existing societal pressures to work hard, instead choosing to 'lie flat' and express a low-desire, more indifferent attitude towards life. This is gaining traction amongst Chinese youth, and is seen by some as the beginnings of a social protest movement.

The successful tuition fee model refers to a system where students only pay their tuition fees for university if they achieve the expected outcome of the course they undertake. The expected outcome will be determined by the average pay of recent graduates, or by the average ranking of the universities graduates attend for postgraduate education. E.g. if the average pay of a graduate is VND 10,000,000; and a graduate earns VND 8,000,000, the graduate is not required to pay their tuition fees.

"Vaccine passports" are documents that are currently being considered or adopted by many countries in the attempt to reopen some economic activities during Covid-19. These can be apps or documentation to prove that an individual has received the full dose of vaccination or has already survived the disease and has immunity that way. They can be required for domestic economic activities, such as attending bars or concerts, or considered for the purposes of international travel, such as allowing those with a vaccine passport to bypass quarantine.