Thư viện Kiến nghị Tranh biện Việt Nam

Có hai mô hình chính của các giải bóng đá chuyên nghiệp hiện nay trên thế giới: Ở mô hình “thăng hạng xuống hạng", các đội thi đấu trong suốt một mùa giải, khi kết thúc sẽ có đội vô địch, và các đội có thành tích kém nhất sẽ bị xuống hạng ở giải đấu hạng dưới trong mùa giải sau. Ngược lại các đội đứng đầu ở giải đấu hạng dưới sẽ được thăng hạng lên giải đấu danh giá hơn. Ví dụ: Anh (Premier League), Ligue 1 (Pháp), V. League 1 (Việt Nam), La Liga (Tây Ban Nha),... Ở mô hình Bắc Mỹ, thay vì hoạt động như một hiệp hội gồm các câu lạc bộ bóng đá có chủ sở hữu độc lập, các giải bóng đá là một tổ chức duy nhất trong đó mỗi đội bóng được sở hữu bởi các nhà đầu tư của giải. Giải đấu có một số lượng đội cố định, vẫn có đội vô địch nhưng không có đội thăng hạng và xuống hạng, trong đó các đội muốn tham gia giải đấu sẽ phải có nhà đầu tư đủ tiềm lực tham gia giải đấu. Ví dụ: Major League Soccer/ MLS (Mỹ), A-League (Úc), Canadian Premier League.

(1) Epicureanism argued that pleasure was the chief good in life. Hence, Epicurus advocated living in such a way as to derive the greatest amount of pleasure possible during one’s lifetime, yet doing so moderately in order to avoid the suffering incurred by overindulgence in such pleasure. Emphasis was placed on pleasures of the mind rather than on physical pleasures. Unnecessary and, especially, artificially produced desires were to be suppressed. Since the political life could give rise to desires that could disturb virtue and one’s peace of mind, such as a lust for power or a desire for fame, participation in politics was discouraged. Further, Epicurus sought to eliminate the fear of the gods and of death, seeing those two fears as chief causes of strife in life. Epicurus actively recommended against passionate love, and believed it best to avoid marriage altogether. He viewed recreational sex as a natural, but not necessary desire that should be generally avoided. (2) Epicurus laid great emphasis on developing friendships as the basis of a satisfying life. While the pursuit of pleasure formed the focal point of the philosophy, this was largely directed to the “static pleasures” of minimizing pain, anxiety and suffering. ""When we say . . . that pleasure is the end and aim, we do not mean the pleasures of the prodigal or the pleasures of sensuality, as we are understood to do by some through ignorance, prejudice or wilful misrepresentation. By pleasure we mean the absence of pain in the body and of trouble in the soul. It is not by an unbroken succession of drinking bouts and of revelry, not by sexual lust, nor the enjoyment of fish and other delicacies of a luxurious table, which produce a pleasant life; it is sober reasoning, searching out the grounds of every choice and avoidance, and banishing those beliefs through which the greatest tumults take possession of the soul."""

"(1) Financial Independence, Retire Early (FIRE) is a movement of people devoted to a program of extreme savings (usually 50-70% annual income) and investment (on average 10% annually minimum) that aims to allow them to retire far earlier than traditional budgets and retirement plans would permit. [Mathematical background] FIRE followers comply with the 4% rule, and this simple formula for calculating your FIRE number: Annual Expenses x 25 = FIRE number. It means when you reach the FIRE number, you no longer need to worry about working, because you just need to withdraw 4% from your portfolio annually to cover your expenses. (2) Voluntary social insurance in Vietnam is defined as a form of social insurance organized by the State in which a participant may select a premium rate and a method of premium payment suitable to his/her income and the State supports his/her payment of social insurance premiums for him/her to enjoy retirement and survivor allowance regimes. [Mathematical background] (+) The monthly payment is equal to 22% of the monthly income chosen by the participants of voluntary social insurance. (+) The minimum monthly income selected by participants of voluntary social insurance is equal to the poverty line of rural areas as prescribed by the Prime Minister and the highest is 20 times the base salary at the time of payment. (+) Monthly voluntary social insurance payment = 22% x monthly income chosen by the participants of voluntary social insurance."

Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending enables individuals to obtain loans directly from other individuals, cutting out the financial institution as the middleman. Websites that facilitate P2P lending have greatly increased its adoption as an alternative method of financing. P2P lending websites connect borrowers directly to investors. Each website sets the rates and the terms and enables the transaction. Most sites have a wide range of interest rates based on the creditworthiness of the applicant.

"(1) In the liveshow of Rap Viet Season 2's Finals, TLinh, who was the finalist of the show's season 1 and is now a rising star in the music industry, performed her new song. After her performance, the host had a conversation with her as follows. Host: Performing ""Single Ladies"", are you single at the moment? TLinh: Can you ask another question that is, genuinely, more appropriate? Host: Oh, more appropriate, right? So ... are you single? TLinh (laughed): Do I really need to answer this question? (2) The short interview fueled controversies about her behaviour. Some said she did not respect an older colleague, while others defended her response criticising the host's questions about celebrities' personal lives. TLinh later posted an apology on her social media explaining that the performance did not go as planned, which made her anxious answering the host's question. She did not intend to be mean towards the host and stated that he did not do anything wrong asking her such questions."

A cryptocurrency is an encrypted data string that denotes a unit of currency. It is monitored and organized by a peer-to-peer network called a blockchain, which also serves as a secure ledger of transactions, e.g., buying, selling, and transferring. Some examples include Bitcoin, Dogecoin, Shiba Inu coin, Lunar coin, etc.

The successful tuition fee model refers to a system where students only pay their tuition fees for university if they achieve the expected outcome of the course they undertake. The expected outcome will be determined by the average pay of recent graduates, or by the average ranking of the universities graduates attend for postgraduate education. E.g. if the average pay of a graduate is VND 10,000,000; and a graduate earns VND 8,000,000, the graduate is not required to pay their tuition fees.

"The African Union (AU) is a continental body consisting of the 55 member states that make up the countries of the African Continent. It was established to promote the unity and solidarity of African countries, defend state sovereignty, eradicate colonialism, promote international cooperation, and coordinate and harmonize Member States’ policies. The AU supports political and economic integration among its 54 member nations. It aims to boost development, eradicate poverty and bring Africa into the global economy. In September 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development that includes 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Building on the principle of “leaving no one behind”, the new Agenda emphasizes a holistic approach to achieving sustainable development for all. These goals include: No poverty, Zero hunger, Gender equality, and Reduced inequality. Despite the wide-ranging goals, anti-racism or anti-Blackness is not one such objective. There is also no mention of the effects of colonisation on the development of countries that were formerly colonised. "

A technology exists that allows for terminally ill patients to impart their best living consciousness into an artificial intelligence before they pass away. The consciousness would then live in this AI and can interct with this person's loved ones. It will almost be as if this person has never left. Think JARVIS or FRIDAY (from Iron Man) but for dead people.

For example: if I donate to treating malaria, the money will go to the charities that are proven to be most effective at combating it.

The 'philosophy of water' comprises "H+H+O = H2O", which in detail means "Humility: water stays low in the river, yet it is a life-giving force; Harmony: water does not fight against its surroundings, it works with them to find a course; and Openness: water is open to change: gas, liquid, solid. It adapts and alters its form accordingly. The 'philosophy of fire' comprises opposite elements: Fierce, Insistent, Relentless, Exhaustive. It teaches one to develop a more rigid and firm sense of self that charges forward no matter what and burns all obstacles.