Moji Motions

For the purpose of this debate "educational upbringing" includes but is not limited to; choice of school, extra curricular activities, choice of programs, and field of study.

*To nationalise means to transfer from private or regional ownership and control to state/government ownership and control."

The International Criminal Court's jurisdiction is to prosecute individuals guilty of crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and crimes of aggression. "Complementarity" is a principle which represents the idea that states, rather than the International Criminal Court (ICC), will have priority in proceeding with cases within their jurisdiction. This principle means that the International Criminal Court will complement, but not supersede, national jurisdiction.

The concept of ‘banality of evil’ claims that most perpetrators of great acts of evil are ordinary people, with no motive other than promoting their own advancement in society. Under this concept, perpetrators do not have to be "radically evil" and can be responsible for atrocities through their common acts or omissions.

The collective parenting model refers to a model of community where the responsibilities of caring for all children in the community rest equally on the shoulders of all adults in the township in addition to their biological parents and the community as a whole is seen as one 'family.' The nuclear family unit refers to a family model where only the biological parents of a child are responsible for them, and each family unit is absolved of attachment to other families in the community.

Nationalism is the idea that a person's nation is superior to all others. It is the emergence of a group identity based upon a shared sense of history, cultural, ethnic, or linguistic ties. The difference between nationalism and patriotism is the feeling of superiority; in the eyes of nationalists, loyalty to and pursuing the interests of the nation are more important than anything else. States often curate nationalism by incorporating nationalist ideas in school curriculums, national symbols, monuments, etc.

For the purposes of the debate, 'radical environmentalism' refers to the use of aggression or disruption (e.g. vandalism, sabotage, civil disobedience) in the name of environmentalist campaigns. An example of 'radical environmentalism' was when members of the Just Stop Oil campaign vandalized Vincent van Gogh's "Sunflowers" in the National Gallery and subsequently glued their hands to the wall in 2022.

Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all human beings are members of a single community. Its adherents are known as cosmopolitans or cosmopolites. Cosmopolitanism is both prescriptive and aspirational, believing humans can and should be "world citizens" in a "universal community".The idea encompasses different dimensions and avenues of community, such as promoting universal moral standards, establishing global political structures, or developing a platform for mutual cultural expression and tolerance.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced AI systems designed to process and generate human-like text. LLMs create coherent and contextually relevant text for various purposes like writing, translation, and content curation. LLMs have rapidly evolved, enabling sophisticated natural language processing tasks. Examples of LLMs include ChatGPT, Bard, etc.

Văn hoá "wellness" được phổ biến qua những diễn ngôn về việc theo đuổi một lối sống lành mạnh, toàn diện về cả thể chất lẫn tinh thần qua việc liên tục cải thiện bản thân, tham gia vào các hoạt động như là thực hành hành chánh niệm, chăm sóc bản thân, cân bằng công việc - đời sống, v.v.

Bang Alaska (Hoa Kỳ) là một vùng lãnh thổ giàu tài nguyên thiên nhiên (than, khí đốt, dầu, v.v.) với hệ sinh thái đa dạng. Người dân bản địa Alaska, gồm nhiều nhóm người định cư ở các khu vực khác nhau, đã luôn gìn giữ văn hoá truyền thống và sống dựa vào thiên nhiên qua các hoạt động săn bắn, đánh cá, nhưng gặp nhiều khó khăn do nền kinh tế không thực sự phát triển, thiếu cơ hội giáo dục, và giá năng lượng cao. "Willow Project" là một dự án khoan dầu ở Sườn Bắc (North Slope) của bang Alaska triển khai bởi Tập đoàn ConocoPhillips, gần đây đã được phê duyệt bởi chính quyền Tổng thống Mỹ Biden. Dự án khổng lồ trị giá 8 tỷ Đô-la, ước tính sẽ cung cấp đến 180,000 thùng dầu mỗi ngày cùng với đó là 263 triệu tấn khí thải nhà kính vào môi trường trong 30 năm hoạt động.